University-Model® schools emphasize spiritual formation and character development both of which include training in the virtues and administering discipline. Typically, in the University-Model® school, these objectives are the responsibility of the Dean of Family Ministry and/or the Dean of Student Life. Spiritual formation includes a wide variety of approaches, among them, running grade-level chapel programs, planning retreats, bringing in outside speakers like pastors and youth pastors, conducting Bible studies, doing service projects, and mentoring. Character training might include popular programs like Character First which identifies forty-nine character traits students can develop, developing a Student Code of Conduct, and implementing a Biblically-based program for student correction.